Plants in slender, soft mats. Stems creeping; central strand cells small, walls thin; axillary hair distal cells elongate. Stem and branch leaves similar, soft, not complanate, slightly concave; costa 10-30 µm wide at base; alar region reaching from margin 65% distance to costa at insertion; medial laminal cells 12-55 × 7-12 µm, 3-5:1, walls firm, slightly incrassate, eporose. Perichaetia with inner leaves suddenly narrowed to apex, plicate, apex acuminate. Seta reddish, elongate, 1-2.5 cm. Capsule 1.5-2 mm, neck well developed; operculum conic. Spores spheric, smooth to minutely papillose. 1. Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. 柳叶藓 liu ye xian Plants small and slender, in dull, usually yellow-green, sometimes bright- or dark-green, mostly dense, sometimes ± wiry mats. Stems creeping, to ca. 3 cm long, irregularly but freely branched, the branches ascending or erect, flexuose; in crosssection with 3-4 rows of small thick-walled cells surrounding larger thin-walled cells, central strand small but well developed, of small thin-walled cells; paraphyllia absent; pseudoparaphyllia foliose, small; axillary hairs with a single short brown basal cell and a single elongate hyaline distal cell. Stem and branch leaves similar, erect to erect-spreading when dry, erect- to wide-spreading when moist, symmetric, not falcate-secund, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, (0.45-)0.6-0.8(-1) mm long, gradually and mostly long-acuminate, sometimes concave; margins serrulate in the upper 2/3, entire below, plane; costa single, relatively thin, ending at or near midleaf, occasionally slightly beyond; cells long-rhomboidal to long-hexagonal, 3-5:1, smooth, thin- to firm-walled, sometimes longer in the acumen, becoming longer and broader toward the insertion; alar cells relatively numerous, subquadrate to oblate, extending up the margins to area of maximum leaf width. Asexual propagula none. Autoicous. Perichaetia greatly enlarged, conspicuous; leaves erect, oblong-lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm long, ± abruptly short-acuminate; margins serrulate, plane or rarely erect; costa single, strong and subpercurrent to absent; cells long-hexagonal to long-rectangular, 5-10:1, smooth, becoming broader toward the insertion. Setae elongate, smooth, reddish, 0.9-2.5(-3.5) cm long, twisted above; capsules suberect to strongly inclined, arcuate, asymmetric, cylindric, 1.5-2(-3) mm long, usually constricted below the mouth when dry; exothecial cells short-rectangular, firm-walled, slightly wavy-walled, not collenchymatous, stomata long-pored; annulus of 2-3 rows of thin-walled, deciduous cells; operculum conic-apiculate; exostome teeth yellow-brown, shouldered, bordered, on the front surface cross-striolate below, coarsely papillose above, trabeculate at back; endostome with a high or rarely low basal membrane, segments roughened, keeled, perforate, as long as or slightly longer than the teeth, cilia in groups of 0-3, nodulose. Spores spherical, finely papillose, 10-18 µm diam. Calyptrae cucullate, naked, smooth. Plants minute or mostly small; green, yellow green, or brownish. Stem irregularly or irregularly pinnately branched in one plane; central strand present; pseudoparaphyllia narrow-triangular to triangular; paraphyllia absent; axillary hairs with l(-2)-celled upper part, this hyaline when young. Stem leaves 0.51.0 mm long, erect to patent, straight, ovate or ovate-triangular, narrowing gradually or rather abruptly from far below to apex, slightly concave, not decurrent; apex acuminate; margin denticulate to finely denticulate (at least partially); costa single, extending 40-85% of way up leaf or sometimes less, 27.5-46.0 µm wide at base; median laminal cells 14.5-52.5(-63.0) × 7.5-12.5 µm, slightly incrassate, eporose; alar cells quadrate or short-rectangular, the basal cells short-rectangular or rectangular, not inflated; alar group indistinctly delimited, broadly ovate or transverse-triangular, reaching from leaf margin ca. 65% of distance to leaf middle at insertion. Inner perichaetial leaves narrowing slightly below acuminate apex, plicate. Seta 14-23 mm long, smooth; capsule curved, horizontal; operculum conical. Exostome outside cross-striolate in lower part; border widened at middle of teeth. Endostome basal membrane height 40-45% of total endostome height; cilia as long as segments or almost so. Spores 9.0-18.5 µm, finely papillose. Range. Throughout North America, Mexico, Ecuador, Chile, Europe, northern Africa, northern and central Asia, Himalaya, Australia; Hispaniola (Haiti); growing on bases of trees, logs, soil, and rock, in moderately dry to moderately wet (but not inundated) habitats, at 300-1500 m. Plants in slender, soft mats. Stems creeping; central strand cells small, walls thin; axillary hair distal cells elongate. Stem and branch leaves similar, soft, not complanate, slightly concave; costa 10-30 µm wide at base; alar region reaching from margin 65% distance to costa at insertion; medial laminal cells 12-55 × 7-12 µm, 3-5:1, walls firm, slightly incrassate, eporose. Perichaetia with inner leaves suddenly narrowed to apex, plicate, apex acuminate. Seta reddish, elongate, 1-2.5 cm. Capsule 1.5-2 mm, neck well developed; operculum conic. Spores spheric, smooth to minutely papillose. Plants minute or mostly small; green, yellow green, or brownish. Stem irregularly or irregularly pinnately branched in one plane; central strand present; pseudoparaphyllia narrow-triangular to triangular; paraphyllia absent; axillary hairs with l(-2)-celled upper part, this hyaline when young. Stem leaves 0.51.0 mm long, erect to patent, straight, ovate or ovate-triangular, narrowing gradually or rather abruptly from far below to apex, slightly concave, not decurrent; apex acuminate; margin denticulate to finely denticulate (at least partially); costa single, extending 40-85% of way up leaf or sometimes less, 27.5-46.0 µm wide at base; median laminal cells 14.5-52.5(-63.0) × 7.5-12.5 µm, slightly incrassate, eporose; alar cells quadrate or short-rectangular, the basal cells short-rectangular or rectangular, not inflated; alar group indistinctly delimited, broadly ovate or transverse-triangular, reaching from leaf margin ca. 65% of distance to leaf middle at insertion. Inner perichaetial leaves narrowing slightly below acuminate apex, plicate. Seta 14-23 mm long, smooth; capsule curved, horizontal; operculum conical. Exostome outside cross-striolate in lower part; border widened at middle of teeth. Endostome basal membrane height 40-45% of total endostome height; cilia as long as segments or almost so. Spores 9.0-18.5 µm, finely papillose. Range. Throughout North America, Mexico, Ecuador, Chile, Europe, northern Africa, northern and central Asia, Himalaya, Australia; Hispaniola (Haiti); growing on bases of trees, logs, soil, and rock, in moderately dry to moderately wet (but not inundated) habitats, at 300-1500 m. Plants small and slender, in dull, usually yellow-green, sometimes bright- or dark-green, mostly dense, sometimes ± wiry mats. Stems creeping, to ca. 3 cm long, irregularly but freely branched, the branches ascending or erect, flexuose; in crosssection with 3-4 rows of small thick-walled cells surrounding larger thin-walled cells, central strand small but well developed, of small thin-walled cells; paraphyllia absent; pseudoparaphyllia foliose, small; axillary hairs with a single short brown basal cell and a single elongate hyaline distal cell. Stem and branch leaves similar, erect to erect-spreading when dry, erect- to wide-spreading when moist, symmetric, not falcate-secund, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, (0.45-)0.6-0.8(-1) mm long, gradually and mostly long-acuminate, sometimes concave; margins serrulate in the upper 2/3, entire below, plane; costa single, relatively thin, ending at or near midleaf, occasionally slightly beyond; cells long-rhomboidal to long-hexagonal, 3-5:1, smooth, thin- to firm-walled, sometimes longer in the acumen, becoming longer and broader toward the insertion; alar cells relatively numerous, subquadrate to oblate, extending up the margins to area of maximum leaf width. Asexual propagula none. Autoicous. Perichaetia greatly enlarged, conspicuous; leaves erect, oblong-lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm long, ± abruptly short-acuminate; margins serrulate, plane or rarely erect; costa single, strong and subpercurrent to absent; cells long-hexagonal to long-rectangular, 5-10:1, smooth, becoming broader toward the insertion. Setae elongate, smooth, reddish, 0.9-2.5(-3.5) cm long, twisted above; capsules suberect to strongly inclined, arcuate, asymmetric, cylindric, 1.5-2(-3) mm long, usually constricted below the mouth when dry; exothecial cells short-rectangular, firm-walled, slightly wavy-walled, not collenchymatous, stomata long-pored; annulus of 2-3 rows of thin-walled, deciduous cells; operculum conic-apiculate; exostome teeth yellow-brown, shouldered, bordered, on the front surface cross-striolate below, coarsely papillose above, trabeculate at back; endostome with a high or rarely low basal membrane, segments roughened, keeled, perforate, as long as or slightly longer than the teeth, cilia in groups of 0-3, nodulose. Spores spherical, finely papillose, 10-18 µm diam. Calyptrae cucullate, naked, smooth. 1. Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. 柳叶藓 liu ye xian General Information
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Distribution
Source: [
Flora of North America @ efloras.org
General InformationFlora Neotropica
General InformationMemoirs of the New York Botanical Garden
DistributionMoss Flora of China
General Information
